Improvement in electro-magnetic engines



No. 9,291. PATENTED SEPT. 28, 1852.

J. E. GUSTIN. ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINE.

I" E =1 I NH N 3Q UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN S. GUSTIN, OF TRENTON, NEW JERSEY.

IMPROVEMENT IN ELECTRO-MAGNETIC ENGINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 9,29l,dated September 28,

To all whom it may concern:

city of Trentbn, county'of Mercer, and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful machine called the Electro-MagneticPumping-Engine, of which the following is a full and exact description, reference being bad to the annexed drawings, making part of this specication.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the engine, and Fig. 2 is an end elevation of thesame.

The same letters of reference apply to the same parts in the difl'erent drawings.

The nature of my invention consists in the arrangement ot a pump and electro-magnets attached to a lever or working-beam, with the several parts so adjusted with spring and pendulum that bythe application'of a galvanic battery the pump is put inmotion and con- .tinues its work steady vwithout requiring the aid of personal attention, exceptthat which is necessary to replenish the acids in the batter when exhausted: Y

To enable-others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

Ais the bed-plate. B is the-upright framework. 0 is the working-beam with its center shaft and bearin gs, E. F F aretwo arms passing through the working-beam, to the ends of each of which are straps G G or. links,'and by which are suspended the armatures H of the magnets and helices I. Jis the pump, with its piston-rod connecting with the cadet tlle'working-heam. K are the pipes. L is the penduln ll]. M is the valve or breakpiecet hat changes the battery-current from one to'the other magnet. N is the regulating-spring, connected by a rod to the end of the working-beam. O are two connecting-screws, (only one can be shown in the drawings,) by which to connect the two poles of the batter-y. The dotted lines shown in the helices represent the iron forming the magnet and armature.

To further illustrate its construction and operation, I'will suppose that I am to make an engine to raise one thousand gallons of. water fifty feet high in twenty-four hours, to do which I should use a force-pump of one-inch bore and two-inch stroke. The electro-magnets shonld be of two-inch round iron, and each leg seven inches long and three inches space between them, the top part or armature of the sanie length,butone-eighthof aniuch less in diameter to allowitto pass freely inside the helix, which should have a thin sheet-brass tube inserted in it to prevent the motion of the iron from disturbing tlie'insulation of the wire forming the helix.' Jljhe helices shonld have not less than twenty-five pounds of N0. 16 wire to each, and so wound and connected as to produce the proper polarity. They should be thirteen inches l0ng,-and when placed on the leg of the magnet should have a thick iu'diarubber washer under the lower end, to protect their insulation from being broken and hold them in such a position that the armature will meet with themagnets at their middle,. as shown by dotted lines.

A. very thin piece of rubber-cloth on the end or pole of the magnet is necessary to prevent the adhesion of the armature when the battery-current is broken, andv also prevents the violent concussion of the two metals meeting.

The magnet is to be secured to the bed-plate A. The frame-work B should be raised so asto allow the strapsor links G G to befive inches long, holding both ,arniatures five-eighths of an inch from the magnets when thependulum is central. This will giveone-and aquarter-in-ch motion at the magnets. The workingbeam, being extended out sufficiently long to reach a vertical line of the pump, will have about two inches'motion. v The pendulum is anarm extending down from the working-beam, with a ball of about four inehes diameter, with a projection on its under side that moms-the valve, as shown at M, alternating the battery-current on the magnets. by the vibrating motionof the pendulum. The pendulum vibrates between two crosspieces (the ends shown at W) secured crosswise between the upright posts. In each of those should bcsecured a short spiral spring or thick piece of spring india-rubber, forming a bumper to relieve the force of the blow of the pendulum, and also to assistiu reversing its motion, the center piece of copper, g, being connected by the strips of copper h and the thumb-screw 0 with the battery. The two pieces of copper at a' connect with the helices. 0n .the valve" is a piece of hard-silver plate,

1), its length soadjus'ted that it can form aconnection with but one side at the same time.

The negative wires from the helices are both led to a like strip of copper and thumb-screw on the opposite side of the bed-plate and by the thumb-screw with the negative pole of the battery. The regulating-spring should be so adjusted in strength that it would require twenty pounds force to move it one inch to the point of extension (shown by dotted lines) with the rod from the working-beam, and so set as .to be at'restwhen the pendulum is central its objeotbeing to receive the excess of power of the electro-magnets when they are closing,

and give it 011' when they are too far extended for the attractive force to be available- Thus,

with the assistance of the pendulum and the springs, nearly an equal forceis exerted through the stroke of the pump. The strength of this spring will vary with the power required in different engines. In all cases it should be fully equal to the power required to move the pump when the spring is at its extreme point of :action. -At that point the electro magnet has so feeble a force that the spring has nearly the whole work to perform.

shellac varnish. The several connections can then be secured to it. The proportion and strength ot the frame-work and working-beam 'may be left to the judgment and taste of the builder. Keeping in view the severaliuses with a battery of-twelveor fifteeen of telegraph size arranged for intensity, it will'be found to. work vigorously, and if the water is to be raised to a greater elevation it can be done by adding more battery.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- The application of a springer springs or their mechanical equivalent used as recipients of the excess of power inthe closing of the clectro inagnets and armature, to be imparted again to the next, as described and set forth.

JOHN S. GUST-IN. Witnesses JOHN WHI'ITAKER, ALBERT J. WHITTAKER. 

